The Self-Concept of Father-Absent Children in Middle Childhood Essay

The Self-Concept of Father-Absent Children in Middle Childhood   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Man’s individuality embodies numerous traits and self-concept holds the predominant of these traits according to Rogers. It helps the person understand personality and social development, for it is through the developing self-concept that man form increasingly stable picture of their selves, partly, reflected by others in their surroundings (Craig;1996,p.367). As the person interacts with his environment, such as peer groups, school, community and most especially the family, these concepts are constructed. Many developmentalists believe that infants are born without a sense of self (Shaffer, 1989), therefore, we can say that we develop our self-image as we continuously grow.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Families are believed to be the first, the closest, and most influential social group in the child’s life. They provide children with the definition of right and wrong, the patterns of behaviors, the expectations and the evaluations of actions on which children base their own ideas (Craig, 1996). It is in the family where a child spends a great portion of his life mainly during the formative years. It is from the family that he receives his earliest training in proper behavior. Thus, it is the family which plays the major role in the development of his self-image (Medina, 1991). As a child grow, he begins to realize who he really is and what he is and at the same time aware of his capability.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The person’s general view of self is made up of other, more specific concepts, including the nonacademics sefl-concept, self-concept in English, and self-concept in mathematics. This self-concept evolves through constant self-evaluation indifferent situation (Shavelson & Bolus, 1992). Children and adolescents are continually comparing their performance with their own standards and with the performance of peer and also gauge the verbal and nonverbal reactions of significant people.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Moreover, a harmonious home environment can create confidence in ones own perspective of himself because it provides not only a place of residence but also an identity of mutual security and support (Sevilla, 1989). However, through the changing nature of the family structure, there are broken families and marital dissolution. Single parent families, usually are fatherless, continuously growing up which affect both their children’s ... ...hey are free to ask questions. Furthermore, the researcher will assure the subjects that the test results will be treated with utmost confidentiality. Scoring Procedure   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The instruction of the scoring will be taken form the manual fo the test instruments. Corresponding points are provided for each answer. Then the number points are counted. Scoring will follow a given equivalent and through the local norms of the test, the level of self-concept of the subjects will be identified. REFERENCES: Craig, Grace. Human Development, 7th edition. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Inc. 1996 Davidson, Kenneth J.Jr Marriage and Family: Change and Continuity. Massachusetts: Ally and Bacon: Simon & Schuster Co., 1996 Elliot, Stephen N. et al. Educational Psychology: Effective Teaching/Effective Learning. 2nd edition. USA: Brown and Benchmark Publishing,1996 Tan, Earnest L. The Development of Self-Concept Quezon City. Values Education Program of Mirian College Graduate School, 1991. Medina, Belen T.G. The Filipino Family: A text with selected Readings. Philippines: Office of Research Coordination, U.P. 1991 Easten,Nina J. Los Angeles Time Magazine, 9June 1992): 15-16, 18, 44-46.

Internal Conflicts in Paradise Lost Essay

John Milton summarizes the content of the entire poem in the first thirty-two lines. However, the reader is left with uncertainty when he declares: â€Å"That to the height of this great argument / I may assert Eternal Providence, / and justify the ways of God to men† (I. 24-26). Milton is unclear about which ways of God he wants to justify. The cause and effect text structure in lines 1-32 adds to the confusion as Milton contradicts himself when he says that he will try to â€Å"assert Eternal Providence† and â€Å"justify the ways of God to men. In Milton’s attempt to explain the ways of God to man with â€Å"this Eternal Providence,† he provides a contradictory tone to the reader as he focuses more on Satan, his evil, and the reasons why he would do something so ignorant. Rather than providing an explanation to men of the â€Å"Eternal Providence,† which is the basic knowledge man possesses of the difference of good and evil, he provides nothing more than a narrative and uncountable allusions to Genesis. Milton’s contradiction becomes more evident towards the end of Book One because there is no resolution or explanation to man as the poem embodies the â€Å"fall† of Adam, Eve, and Satan, not mankind. Milton not only reveals his own internal conflict, but also the internal conflicts of mankind through rhetorical devices, such as a series of questions that he answers. He asks a rhetorical question: â€Å"And mad’st it pregnant: what in me is dark† (I. 22). Through this question Milton identifies the lifelong conflicts of all of mankind: good versus evil and the reason why people do bad things. When Milton states, â€Å"I thence / Invoke thy aid to my advent’rous song, / that with no middle flight intends to soar,† he praises and explains God’s purpose through his adventurous song, yet he already knows the questions that he asks are the same as those asked by all men (I. 12-14). If Adam and Eve had it so great, why would they disobey God? He needs an explanation for himself, but understands that for his work to be great, he must be able to explain the unexplainable. The question of good versus evil has been a conflict man has had since Adam and Eve lived, however it has never really been resolved. The only explanation for the conflict between good and evil is justice; God’s justice. Without a doubt, Milton’s Paradise Lost is an epic poem that addresses the complexity of good versus evil. However, through the use of rhetorical devices, allusion, and many other literary elements, the reader begins to question ot only themselves but the rest of mankind and the good as well as the evil that lies in everyone. The effects that this poem has are clear. By questioning God, Milton allows us to question others and ourselves. Although an answer from God is not always necessary, the explanation of the â€Å"Eternal Providence† and the justice God provides is something man cannot explain. Perhaps that is why God does not answer Milton; he needed to find the answers in himself.

A Woman Of Half Body Portrait By Mona Lisa Essay - 1378 Words

Paragraph-1 The painting presents a woman in half-body portrait, which has as a backdrop a distant landscape. Yet this simple description of a seemingly standard composition gives little sense of Leonardo’s achievement. The sensuous curves of the sitter’s hair and clothing, created through sfumato (use of fine shading), are echoed in the shapes of the valleys and rivers behind her. The sense of overall harmony achieved in the painting—especially apparent in the sitter’s faint smile—reflects Leonardo’s idea of the cosmic link connecting humanity and nature, making this painting an enduring record of Leonardo’s vision.Mona Lisa is a figure of a woman, dressed in the fashion of her days known as Florentine fashion. The painting represents Lisa Del Giocondo a wife to a Florentine silk merchant who was wealthy. Therefore her dressing represents class and wealth. Her dressing signify magnificent enigma and mystery especially the dark silk swathes. The F lorentine fashion worn by Mona Lisa presents a challenge to the modern fashion design some wishing to replicate her costume. Her garment which is made of sheer dark silk has some gathers around the neck. The garment has loose sleeves that roll back at the elbow embroidery or gold braid trimmings at the neck. Beneath her garment seems to be a well structured garment that supports her bosom. A strip of white gathered fabric is visible beneath silk raping at her left shoulder. Further at the shoulder are sleeves that have a differentShow MoreRelatedThe Mona Lis A Portrait Of A Woman Painted By Leonardo Da Vinci1341 Words   |  6 Pages Analysis of the Mona Lisa Amy Bone Art History 101 Shanna Fliegel November 4, 2014 Bone 1 The Mona Lisa is a portrait of a woman painted by Leonardo Da Vinci between 1503 and 1506. Leonardo Da Vinci was born April 15, 1452 in Vinci, Italy and died May 2, 1519 in Amboise, France. He painted the Mona Lisa using oil on White Lombardy Poplar panel. 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Humble Beginnings Leonardo da Vinci was born on April 15, 1452, in a farmhouse nestled amid the undulating hills of Tuscany outside the village of Anchiano in present-day Italy. Born out of wedlock to respected Florentine notary Ser Piero and a young peasant woman named Caterina, he was raised

Free Online Classes for West Virginia K-12 Students

West Virginia offers resident students the opportunity to take online public school courses for free. Below is a list of no-cost online schools currently serving elementary and high school students in West Virginia. In order to qualify for the list, schools must meet the following qualifications: classes must be available completely online, they must offer services to state residents, and they must be funded by the government. Virtual schools listed may be charter schools, state-wide public programs, or private programs that receive government funding. List of West Virginia Online Charter Schools and Online Public Schools West Virginia Virtual School Online Charter Schools and Online Public Schools Many states now offer tuition-free online schools for resident students under a certain age (often 21). Most virtual schools are charter schools; they receive government funding and are run by a private organization. Online charter schools are subject to fewer restrictions than traditional schools. However, they are reviewed regularly and must continue to meet state standards. Some states also offer their own online public schools. These virtual programs generally operate from a state office or a school district. State-wide public school programs vary. Some online public schools offer a limited number of remedial or advanced courses not available in brick-and-mortar public school campuses. Others offer full online diploma programs. A few states choose to fund â€Å"seats† for students in private online schools. The number of available seats may be limited and students are usually asked to apply through their public school guidance counselor. Choosing a West Virginia Online Public School When choosing an online public school, look for an established program that is regionally accredited and has a track record of success. Be wary of new schools that are disorganized, are unaccredited, or have been the subject of public scrutiny. Evaluating virtual schools is important to ensure that it meets the students needs and fulfills educational requirements.

The Performance Evaluation Of Databases - 2218 Words

Final Report Abstract Acknowledgement Table of Contents 1. 2. 3. Chapter 1 Introduction My project is based on Performance Evaluation of Databases. Basically testing and analyzing the system performance, usability, reliability and measures of different database systems using many kind of SQL queries and statement then compare the result and finding out which one is better in terms of performance and optimization techniques. For the evaluation purpose I have used two database systems, they are Microsoft SQL server management 2012 and Oracle database 10g. I need to evaluate the performance by running some set of queries on both of the systems which I used for my evaluation purpose and have to†¦show more content†¦Predominantly evaluation performance is being done to determine how fast and reliable database system can execute and process queries to give optimize results. 1.1 Objective My objective of the project is to determine which database management system gives better, efficient and optimize results after the performance evaluation techniques applied to that specific database system. In my project I have used Microsoft SQL server 2012 and Oracle 10 g databases. I need to effectuate which one is best to use efficiently according to different specific measures and perspective of databases. Current trend in the world of information technology is that relatively every organization is managing tens of petabyte of data. There are large proportion of data which need to be store and managed in database. So there is immense requirement of efficient and reliable database management system. Database systems need to be constructed in high reliability methods and techniques in terms of their functionalities and design. System Performance is an analytical metric that must need great output for an effective database system. Complex database system is outrageous and difficult to analyze so performance evaluation is very important concern since databases are one of the most compelling affair in today’s business revolution. Chapter 2 Background Research Database System is one of the most important concern in the field of Informational technology. It contains the most reliable

Biopure Solution Free Essays

Biopure Corporation has two new products that are Oxyglobin and Hemopure. Oxyglobin is the first new blood substitute for the veterinary market and is ready for consumer use. Hemopure is another new blood substitute for the human market and it will take two years to launch the product from now on. We will write a custom essay sample on Biopure Solution or any similar topic only for you Order Now Ted Jacobs, vice president for Human Clinical Trials, is concerned about creating an unrealistic price expectation for Hemopure by marketing Oxyglobin before Hemopure. On the other hand, Andy Wright, vice president for Veterinary Products, believes that selling Oxyglobin has benefits for the company in terms of generating revenues for the use of launching Hemopure and learning how to market and make mistakes prior to the launch of Hemopure. Carl Rausch, the president and CEO of Biopure Corporation, has to decide if the release of Oxyglobin would be beneficial for the company without jeopardizing the potential of Hemopure. The Solution: I think that launching Oxyglobin has many benefits for the company. For this reason, I agree with Andy Wright’s decision to begin by selling Oxyglobin. Ted Jacobs indicates that the veterinary market is small and price sensitive. He also believes that if the company prices Oxyglobin around $150, it will be very difficult to price Hemopure at $800 because of the huge difference in price for the same product. I disagree with Ted Jacobs because although the production processes and physical characteristics of these two products are identical, Oxyglobin is targeted for the animal market whereas the target customer for Hemopure is the human market. Just because products are identical does not mean that the company prices separately; it is all about the supply and demand. The determining factor of price is the market itself, so Ted Jacobs thinks that Biopure can achieve the price points of $600 to $800. He can only estimate these price points based on the market price. Additionally, even though the veterinary market is small and price sensitive, being the first in any market will make a huge difference and impact the company’s reputation in a positive way if the product satisfies the needs and wants of the consumers. 84% of veterinary doctors complained about the lack of alternatives to the blood transfusion in the marketplace. I believe that this is a big opportunity for Biopure to enter the veterinary market because Oxyglobin has already passed an FDA – approval process specific to the veterinary market. If the competitors want to get a share for animal blood substitutes, they have to wait at least for two years. Waiting for Hemopure to launch both products at the same time will also put the company in a risk because of the possibility of competitors’ entrance to the veterinary market. Once Oxyglobin achieves its purpose for animals and satisfies the veterinary doctors and pet owners, the success of this product will help Biopure to easily launch Hemopure and attract the human market. The Implementation: Andy Wright and his team can have a successful launch for Oxyglobin by implementing the followings: †¢ The Pricing Strategy: Even though the surveys show that veterinarians recommend less-expensive treatments over more-expensive, 90% of pet owners are willing to be informed about all the available alternatives to treat their pets. For this reason, giving the many advantages of Oxyglobin relative to donated animal blood and being the only animal blood substitute in the market, Oxyglobin should carry a premium price of up to $200 per unit. The Distribution Strategy: Instead of making a contract with one of the distributors, Biopure should consider of distributing Oxyglobin by using its salesforces. By doing so, the company does not have to pay 20% of the selling price on a more-established product and 30% of the selling price on a new product. Since the estimated cost of distributing Oxyglobin is $10 to $15 per unit, Biopure would save money compared to the cos t of contracting with one of the distributers which would be $60 per unit. How to cite Biopure Solution, Papers

Analyse Organizational Citizenship Behaviour †Free Samples for Studen

Question: Discuss about the Organizational Citizenship Behaviour. Answer: Introduction In industrial and organizational psychology, organizational citizenship behaviour or organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) is a person's voluntary commitment within an organization or company that is not part of his or her contractual tasks. The objective of this report is to discuss and analyse the three articles of organizational citizenship behaviour. The articles are: 1.Exploring the dark side of organizational citizenship behavior 2.Organizational citizenship behavior in work groups: A team cultural perspective The costs of exhibiting organizational citizenship behavior The paper would discuss the similarities and differences between the articles and the paper would also discuss the integrated and common view from the articles. The similarities between the articles can be discussed as: Similarities between the articles One of the similarities between these articles is the effective and efficient use of literature review. All the authors did a detailed literature review. Another similarity is the focus on employee development as part of organizational behavior. All the authors accepted that organizational development couldnt happen without employee development. Therefore, it is important that employees goals and objectives should match with the organizational goal and objectives. All the authors agreed that the idea of organizational citizenship behaviour are inherently positive. Authors agree upon the single point that the idea and notion of organizational citizenship behaviour does more positive and negative. Obviously there exist a negative or the dark side of organizational citizenship behaviour; however, it is not something that could not be avoided. All the authors also tend to agree on the part that organizational citizenship behaviour would have positive relationship with the performance of the employees and performance ratings given to them. It is expected that a healthy organizational citizenship behavior should have a positive impact on employee performance. There also exist some differences in these articles. The differences in these three articles can be discussed as: Differenced between the articles There are not much of the differences between these three articles. There is some difference in the approach of authors towards the research. In the article, Exploring the dark side of organizational citizenship behavior, authors did a detailed analysis of organizational citizenship behaviour and they based their research on three assumptions. In the article, Organizational citizenship behavior in work groups: A team cultural perspective, authors have taken a case study approach. The case study around organizational citizenship behavior is developed and an effective literature review is done. his study examines how OCB influences job performance ratings within different team cultures, as measured by team collectivism and individualism. Authors collected the data from 81 teams working for a multinational bank in Hong Kong. In the article, The costs of exhibiting organizational citizenship behavior, authors started the article with a hypothesis. In the article, authors did the hypothes is testing through literature review in the area of organizational citizenship behavior. In this article, authors were more focused to link organizational citizenship behavior with job performance. Reconciliation of opposing points in the articles One thing that can be reconciled from the articles is value creation for different stakeholders in the organization. To fully understand this definition of value creation it is important to understand what is known as capitals. In an organizational setting, capital can be defined as financial, manufactured, intellectual, human, social and relationship, and natural capital. It is from these capitals that value can be created or indeed destroyed. An organizations business model seeks to combine, transform and leverage on these capitals to create value for the organisation. Value can also be created for other stakeholders like customers, the general public etc. In the article, Exploring the dark side of organizational citizenship behavior authors made the statement that the organizational culture has to encourage knowledge sharing across the organization. In this context, the cycle of organizational learning can be observed, however, since it is based on repetitive tasks, the knowledge has been institutionalized in the organization and the role of the new employee is to learn already established knowledge ingrained into the department. Furthermore, the interest on both parties to convey the information is important, as this is a crucial stage of the employee to learn the organization; procedures, culture, etc. Organizational development through smooths knowledge acquisition and eventually transfer of learning between the same organisation employees and also between different borders and countries is made only possible by todays highly technological software.It is important to mention that intuition is an implicit part of organizational citizenship behavior exhibited by leaders. Intuiting: which is the process where organization individuals develop their own new insights and ideas. In this process, Line-of-business software can support by capturing the business daily transaction then extract patterns and trends and generate reports that are used to build insights about business operations and support new ideas generation. It is also important to mention that knowledge management is also and important part of organizational citizenship behavior. such process, knowledge management solution could be used to exploit existing knowledge and ingrate it with the new knowledge, performance managemen t solutions to capture and analyze the KPIs related to the application of learning outcomes, and project management solutions to plan and manage the implementation of the learning outcomes and related initiatives. Integration of the information All the authors agreed that trust is the key to establish a healthy organization. If there is no trust, organization cannot get an employee to share its knowledge. Trust paves way for employees to open up themselves to the organization growth of which knowledge sharing is one of them. Another useful information is the use of principles like job rotation. Rotationas a means of ingrained organizational knowledge seem to be very practical because every employee get the opportunity to understand each unit individually and how it interconnect with the mission of the department. Thus, increasing (possible) commitment. Rotation, however, may also create stagnation because the tasks are performed based on what is learned and there is no incentive or motivation to do it differently.Therefore, in relation to organizational learning and the 4i's framework, the department remains at a stage where the knowledge learned is institutionalized and there is no mean for the cycle of learning to be repe ated.Additionally, the responsibility of conveying or transferring the correct knowledge to the employee in the new unit is immense as not always the information is conveyed in a correct manner; interrupting organizational learning through this means to be inadequate. The observation is that some personnel may refuse to share knowledge (precisely) because it is interpreted that by sharing the knowledge he/she may release his/her power to the next individual. In so, in organizations where the nature of the job is repetitive is important to accompany job rotation (for organizational learning), which can be very beneficial to the organization, with other tools to ensure knowledge transfer is accurate. Another common point among the articles is that the leaders should be intuitive for effective organizational culture. In an organizational setting, the individual act need to have very clear vision on the environment the organization are operating, and aside of that the individual act which is the intuition also need to know what are acceptance level of staff in his team or organization in dealing with new opinion, because if the staff intuition will not be welcome among the team than staff intuition will not reach anywhere. One may be led to believe that Structural and leadership barriers can affect organizational learning based on organizational culture or the belief of individuals. For example women leadership. Male dominance is said to be the greatest obstacle encountered by women rising to top positions. The "gender role " issue based on societies belief is said to have prevented may women from climbing the corporate ladder, "the glass ceiling" has created limitations the old-boy network is said to create a barrier to prevent women from entering top management and another barrier is "sex discrimination" that may imply that women may not be aggressive enough to take on a particular position. Due to these barriers women are encouraged to have their own businesses in order to experience the leadership role. Hewlett-Packard had elected a female leader in 1999 that believed that this barrier was broken until after seven years it was stated that she admitted to being a victim of sexism. Organizations have mentioned that they are losing talent as women may leave and seek opportunities that will help the to break "the glass ceiling. The organizations must be cautious to use the integration of knowledge in an effective manner. It is important that organizational citizenship behavior should be established as a culture in the organization. The culture should be established from top down to bottom up manner. The leaders should take the responsibility to establish the organizational citizenship culture. Application of knowledge to organizational situation The key things learned from article are that organizational culture should be the key thing for senior management. In this era of globalization, employees often have work together with the employees of different regions. Lets apply the organizational citizenship and cultural perspective to an outsourcing example. For instance, in an organization, consultants are employed for a specific period of time, either in Information Technology department or other services. Within this period, they will share their knowledge and expertise on the particular area in which they are specialized and when they are done, they will leave and the employees of that department will have the knowledge of such task and how to go about it. It happened when the company wants to upgrade the flex-cube software for operations department, certain experts on (IT) from India were employed for the number of weeks and months the tasks lasted. It is important that organizations should have a thorough understanding of internal and external environment before making any decision. The concepts of organizational citizenship behavior could also be applied to small and large organizations. It is critical that the organizations should have the plan to make continuous improvement in the organization through organizational citizenship behavior. The organizations should also have a long term plan in place with respect to organizational citizenship behavior. The plan would ensure that organization is able to Conclusion A lot of learning can be made from these three articles. The subject of organizational citizenship behavior is particularly more important for contemporary environment in globalized environment. When we talk of Technology, we think of globalization with all the good things that came with it as the act of globalization has made the world to be a global village. One of the benefits of globalization to the world in general is the technology innovation which has made every economy a connecting village to the other, Wu, (2012) Said Globalization is an ongoing process of the flow of capital, information, labour, technology, and goods across national boundaries to form an interconnected global economy. Though as it has the advantage which it has brought to the world same also it has its bad side effects on some economies. Without the Information or communication technology, the access to organizational strategic alliance will not be visible and favorable as their will be much hindrance both in learning and communication thereby hinders the knowledge sharing. When its not shared among the employees for organizational usage and their own personal purpose it brings down a lot of organizational competitiveness. Finally, when it comes to visual employees, Information Technology has been their only source of easy and fast organizational learning including communication between them and their head office with other subsidiaries. For instance, in my organization, the invent of technology has been a tool that brought the entire subsidiaries in one umbrella, in the sense that it provided solution for video conference organizational training among the whole subsidiaries which makes it easy to reach all in one bit and saves costs, time and stress in travelling for the management and not only that it has improved in the competitive advantage of the company. It can be said that the organizations must use the new avenues of Information Technology to manage its operation and to ensur e high level of organization citizenship behavior. References Bolino, M.C., Klotz, A.C., Turnley, W.H. and Harvey, J., 2013. Exploring the dark side of organizational citizenship behavior.Journal of Organizational Behavior,34(4), pp.542-559. Deery, S., Rayton, B., Walsh, J. and Kinnie, N., 2016. The Costs of Exhibiting Organizational Citizenship Behavior.Human Resource Management. Lai, J.Y., Lam, L.W. and Lam, S.S., 2013. Organizational citizenship behavior in work groups: A team cultural perspective.Journal of Organizational Behavior,34(7), pp.1039-1056.